/* Peptide Quarterly.
 *
 * A business quarterly, set like one: ink on paper, one accent, a marginal column for
 * standing matter and a single measured column for prose. No cards, no pills, no gradients,
 * no stock imagery. Every mark on the page is either type, a hairline rule, or an inline SVG
 * drawn from a retrieved figure.
 *
 * Type is doing the work, so it is a system rather than a decoration:
 *   display   high-contrast serif, feature openers and the masthead only
 *   body      a reading serif at 18px / 1.72, measure held near 68 characters
 *   meta      a quiet sans in small caps, for standing matter: departments, folios, bylines
 */

:root {
  --paper: #faf8f3;
  --paper-sunk: #f3efe6;
  --ink: #17150f;
  --ink-soft: #55504a;
  --ink-faint: #8a8379;
  --rule: #ddd6c7;
  --rule-strong: #b9b1a1;
  --accent: #8a2a1c;

  --display: "Didot", "Bodoni MT", "Hoefler Text", "Playfair Display", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --body: "Iowan Old Style", "Charter", "Source Serif 4", Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --meta: "Inter", "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;

  --measure: 34rem;
  --side: 13rem;
  --gutter: 4rem;

  --s1: 0.375rem;
  --s2: 0.75rem;
  --s3: 1.25rem;
  --s4: 2rem;
  --s5: 3.25rem;
  --s6: 5rem;
  --s7: 7.5rem;
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --paper: #15140f;
    --paper-sunk: #1d1b15;
    --ink: #ece7dc;
    --ink-soft: #b0a99c;
    --ink-faint: #837c70;
    --rule: #393528;
    --rule-strong: #534d3c;
    --accent: #d8755f;
  }
}

*,
*::before,
*::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  line-height: 1.72;
  font-kerning: normal;
  font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ shell */

.sheet {
  max-width: 64rem;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: -9999px;
  top: 0;
}
.skip-link:focus {
  left: 0;
  z-index: 10;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  padding: var(--s2) var(--s3);
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.8125rem;
}

a { color: inherit; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 0.18em; }
a:hover { text-decoration-color: var(--accent); }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ standing notice */

#ruo-notice {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: var(--s2) 0 var(--s2);
}
#ruo-notice > div {
  max-width: 64rem;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0 var(--s3);
  align-items: baseline;
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
#ruo-notice p { margin: 0.1rem 0; }
.ruo-headline {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
#ruo-notice strong { font-weight: 600; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ running head */

.runninghead {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--s2) var(--s4);
  padding: var(--s3) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.runninghead a { text-decoration: none; }
.runninghead a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.runninghead .brand { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.runninghead nav ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--s3);
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

nav[aria-label="Breadcrumb"] ol {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0 var(--s2);
  margin: var(--s3) 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
nav[aria-label="Breadcrumb"] li + li::before { content: "/ "; color: var(--rule-strong); }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ main */

main { padding: var(--s5) 0 var(--s7); }

h1, h2, h3 { font-weight: 400; }

.prose { max-width: var(--measure); }
.prose p { margin: 0 0 var(--s3); }
.prose p + p { text-indent: 1.25em; }
.prose p.lead + p { text-indent: 0; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ the cover */

.cover-kicker,
.label {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0;
}

.masthead {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 11vw, 6rem);
  line-height: 0.92;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: var(--s3) 0 var(--s3);
  max-width: 14ch;
}

.cover-rule {
  border: 0;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  margin: var(--s4) 0 var(--s3);
}
hr.hair {
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  margin: var(--s5) 0;
}

.issue-line {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.8125rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--s1) var(--s3);
  margin: 0;
}
.issue-line b { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; }

.theme-title {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 6vw, 3.25rem);
  line-height: 1.04;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  margin: var(--s4) 0 var(--s3);
  max-width: 18ch;
}

.lead {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ contents */

.contents { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.contents > li {
  padding: var(--s4) 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.contents > li:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.contents .numeral {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  color: var(--accent);
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: var(--s2);
}
.contents h3 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 2.125rem);
  line-height: 1.12;
  margin: 0 0 var(--s2);
  max-width: 22ch;
}
.contents h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.contents h3 a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
.contents .standfirst {
  margin: 0 0 var(--s2);
  max-width: var(--measure);
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.contents .credit {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  margin: 0;
}

@media (min-width: 62rem) {
  .contents > li {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: var(--side) minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0 var(--gutter);
  }
  .contents .numeral { margin-top: 0.55rem; }
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ feature */

.feature-head { margin-bottom: var(--s5); }
.feature-head .kicker {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin: 0 0 var(--s3);
}
h1.feature-title {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 7vw, 4.25rem);
  line-height: 0.98;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0 0 var(--s3);
  max-width: 17ch;
}
h1.plain-title {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5.5vw, 3rem);
  line-height: 1.04;
  margin: 0 0 var(--s3);
  max-width: 20ch;
}
.standfirst-lead {
  font-size: 1.3125rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  max-width: 38rem;
  margin: 0;
}

@media (min-width: 62rem) {
  .layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: var(--side) minmax(0, var(--measure));
    gap: 0 var(--gutter);
    align-items: start;
  }
  .layout > .side { position: sticky; top: var(--s4); }
  .layout > .flow { grid-column: 2; }
  .layout > .wide { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
}

.side {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.side h2 {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 var(--s2);
}
.side ol, .side ul { margin: 0 0 var(--s4); padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.side li { margin-bottom: var(--s1); }
.side .byline-name { color: var(--ink); display: block; }
.side dl { margin: 0 0 var(--s4); }
.side dt {
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 0.625rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.side dd { margin: 0 0 var(--s2); color: var(--ink); }

.chapter { margin: 0 0 var(--s5); scroll-margin-top: var(--s4); }
.chapter h2 {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0 0 var(--s3);
  padding-top: var(--s2);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.chapter h3 {
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-style: italic;
  margin: var(--s4) 0 var(--s2);
}
.chapter--opening > p:first-of-type::first-letter {
  float: left;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: 4.1em;
  line-height: 0.82;
  padding: 0.06em 0.1em 0 0;
  color: var(--accent);
}
.chapter--opening > p:first-of-type { text-indent: 0; }

blockquote.pull {
  margin: var(--s5) 0;
  padding: var(--s4) 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: clamp(1.375rem, 3.4vw, 1.875rem);
  line-height: 1.22;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
blockquote.pull p { margin: 0; text-indent: 0; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ figures and tables */

figure { margin: var(--s5) 0; }
figure svg { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; }
figcaption {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin-top: var(--s2);
  max-width: 38rem;
}
figcaption b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }

.scroll { overflow-x: auto; }
table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.8125rem;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
caption {
  caption-side: top;
  text-align: left;
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  padding-bottom: var(--s2);
}
th, td {
  text-align: left;
  padding: 0.45rem 0.9rem 0.45rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  vertical-align: baseline;
}
thead th {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
tbody th { font-weight: 400; color: var(--ink); }
td.n, th.n { text-align: right; padding-right: 0; }
td.n { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
tr:last-child th, tr:last-child td { border-bottom: 0; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ sources */

.sources-block { margin-top: var(--s6); }
.sources-block h2 {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink);
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: var(--s2);
  margin: 0 0 var(--s3);
}
ol.sources {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 1.4rem;
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.8125rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
ol.sources li { margin-bottom: var(--s2); }
ol.sources cite { font-style: normal; color: var(--ink); }
ol.sources .q {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ onward */

.onward { margin-top: var(--s6); border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-top: var(--s4); }
.onward h2 {
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0 0 var(--s3);
}
.onward ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.onward li { padding: var(--s2) 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); max-width: 44rem; }
.onward li:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.onward a { font-family: var(--body); font-size: 1.0625rem; }
.onward span {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ footer */

#site-disclaimer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  background: var(--paper-sunk);
  padding: var(--s5) 0 var(--s6);
  font-family: var(--meta);
  font-size: 0.8125rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
#site-disclaimer > div {
  max-width: 64rem;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--s4);
}
@media (min-width: 62rem) {
  #site-disclaimer > div { grid-template-columns: var(--side) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 0 var(--gutter); }
}
#site-disclaimer p { margin: 0 0 var(--s2); max-width: 44rem; }
#site-disclaimer .colophon-title {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 var(--s2);
}
#site-disclaimer nav ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--s1) var(--s3);
  margin: var(--s3) 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ small screens */

@media (max-width: 30rem) {
  body { font-size: 1.0625rem; }
  .prose p + p { text-indent: 1em; }
  #ruo-notice > div { display: block; }
}